Traction-engine



m e h s P u e e h s 8 N 0 S D R A H G I R E W I (No Model.)

TRACTION ENGINE.

Patented June 5 AWITWESSES .NTOR

@y m Attorney;

(No Model.) .2 8 Sheets'-Sheet 3. W. E. RICHARDSON.

TRACTION ENGINE.

No. 278,822. I Patented June 5,1883. 7

@ /Wwa 2 l v i I v I WITNESSES I VEJV'TOR I m I a a flitorneyS,

TRACTION ENGINE.

Patented June 5, 1883.

WITNESSES N4 FEI'ERS. PMlcrLAhogn-lphcr. Washin mv. n. c.

(No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 5. W. E. RICHARDSON.

TRACTION ENGINE.

Patented June 5,1883.

INVENTOR WITNESSES w .dttorney (No Model.) 8 SheetQ-Sheet 6,

W. E. RICHARDSON.

' TRACTION ENGINE.

No. 278,822." Patented June 5,1883- WITNESS .9 IC

N. PETKRS PhMwLM-ngnphv Wzuhlngiom n. a

s Sheets-Sheet 7] W. B, RICHARDSON.

(No Model.)

TRACTION ENGINE.

Patented June 5,1883.

I ./V VEJV TOR Attorney i WITNESSES N. PETERS, Pmmmm n w. wimpm. D. c.

(No Model.) 8 ShetsSheet s. W. E. RICHARDSON.

TRAGTION ENGINE.

Patented June 5,1883.

11v VEJVTOR WI 1" .NES 8 ES mmhc n w. Washington. p: c

UNITED STATES "PATENT OFFICE.

\VILBER E. RICHARDSON, OF MARINETTE, \VISCONSIN.

TRACTION-ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 278,822, dated June 5,1883,

Application filed March 19, 1883.

T aZZ whom itmay concern Be it known that I WVILBER E. RICHARD- SON, acitizen of the United States, residing at Marinette, in the county ofMarinette and State of \Visconsin, have invented a new and usefulTraction-Engine, of which the following is a specification, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to traction-engines or road-engines, and moreparticularly to that class of the same in which the motive power,instead of being applied to the drive-wheels, consists of piston-rodsoperated by the direct action of the steam, and provided with shoes thatact directly against the road-bed in the line of travel.

My present invention consists, first, in the arrangement of theoscillating operating-cyh inders between two longitudinal boilers,whereby weight is evenlydistributed and steadiness and uniformity ofmotion insured; secondly, in the valve gear; thirdly, in the means ormechanism for reversing the operating-cylim ders in order to change thedirection of travel.

My invention further and finally consists in certain improvements in theconstruction and arrangement of details of my improved traction-engine,which will be hereinafter fully described, and particularly pointed outin the claims.

In the drawings hereto annexed, Figure 1 is a side view of my improvedtraction-engine. Fig. 2 is a top or plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is afront view. Fig. etis a rear view. Fig. 5 is alongitudinal verticalsectional view taken through the operating-cylinders and the main valve.Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view taken at one side ofthe cylinders,

Y so as to show in elevation the said cylinders,

the steam-chest, valve-sten1, and valve-gear. Fig. 7 is a longitudinalvertical sectional view taken at the other side of the cylinders andthrough the reversing-cylinder. Fig. 8 is a detail view of theoperating-cylinders, chainwheels, chain, and part of the reversingmechanism. Fig. 9 is a detailview, on a larger scale, of thereversing-cylinder with its steamchest, valves, and steamways. Fig. 10is a transverse sectional view, on the line at w in Fig. 2,of themachine complete. Fig. 11 is a (N0 model.)

transverse sectional view of one of the operat ing-cylinders. Fig. 12 isa cross-section of the same on the line 3 y in Fig. 11. Fig. 13 is across-section of the same on the line z z in Fig. 11. Fig. 14 is an endor bottom view of the same. Fig. 15 is a longitudinal sectional view ofone of the boilers, Fig. 16 is a detail view of the lower end of thepiston-rod of one of the operatirig-cylinders, showing the pivoted shoe.Fig. 17 is aplan of the operating-cylinders, sh owing th e severalsteamways, the main valve, and connections; and Figs. '18 and 19 aredetail views.

The same letters refer to the same parts; in all the figures.

A in the drawings designates the frame of my improved traction-engine,in the general construction of which, however, no novelty is hereinclaimed. It is supported upon wheels B B and C C, which may beconstructed and arranged in any suitable manner, suitable provisionbeing made for the steering of the engine either by steam-power or byhand, as may be desired. The steering-gear, however, is not shown, andit forms no part of this invention. The frame A comprises suitabletransverse beams or T- irons, D D, serving to support two boilers, E E,placed longitudinally upon the frame at the sides of the latter. It ismy in tention to use ordinary multitubular boilers, in which, atsuitable distances apart, are placedtransverse partitions F F, havingopenings G G for the passage of the boiler tubes or fiues, and ofslightlylarger diameter than the latter, in order that the water may beevenly distributed in the boilers. It will be seen that thesepartitions, while admitting of the passage of the water, will preventany sudden flow of the latter from one end of the boiler to the other,as would be the tendency in case of the engine ascending or descendinginclines.

The boiler-furnaces H H are of the ordinary construction, and in rearoftheseis constructed a platform, I, upon which the engineerscab islocated, together with coal and water tanks and other appurtenances. Thesmoke-boxes K K, at the front ends of the boilers, are connected by thebreeching L of the single chimney or smoke-stack M.

N N are a pair of longitudinal beams or -IOO girders, connecting thefront and rear ends of the frame, and located between the boilers E E,as shown in Fig. 10. The beams N N are provided with boxes 0 O, formingbearings for the operating-cylinders P P, which are constructed withgudgeons Q, Q, journaled in said boxes. The gudgeons Q have openings R,connecting with passages S T, formed in the sides of the cylinders andextending from the gudgeons on opposite sides to the upper and lowerends of the cylinders, respectively, terminating at a short distancefrom the ends,

as shown in Fig. 11, in order that steam cushions shall be formed forthe pistons at the end of the stroke. 4

Atthe lower ends of the cylinders packingboxes U and glands V areprovided for the purpose of forming steam-tight joints around thepiston-rods V. The latter are preferably made tubular in order to insuregreat strength without excessive weight, and they have fiattened sidesX, Figs. 12 and 13, to prevent their turning in the cylinders, theopenings Y in the glands being of course correspondingly shaped. Theupper ends of the piston-rods are welded, as at Z, to receive thepistonheads A, which are provided with packing in the usual manner. Thelower ends of the piston-rods are likewise welded at B, and carry thepivoted shoes (F. The latter are to be made of steel and provided withpointed ends D adapted to take well in the bed of the road over whichthe engine is to pass. As regards the construction of the shoes,however, I do not wish to restrict myself, and modifications may be madein this respect without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The steam-domes E E of the boilers are connected by a transverse pipe,F", from which a branch pipe, G'-, leads to the main-valve chest H 3.The latter is by this arrangement supplied with steam equally from thetwo boilers, in which an equilibrium of pressure is thus maintained.

The pipe G may be connected to the valvechest either at one of the sidesor at the top, whichever may be deemed most convenient.

I is the valve-stem, and J the valve, which latter may be an ordinaryslide-valve. The steain chest H has a centrally-located exhaust port,K", from which the exhaust-steam may be conducted through apipe, L tothe breeching of the chimney. At the ends of the steamchest are twopairs of ports, (denoted, respectively, by M M and N N in Fi 6.) Theport M is connected by a pipe, 0*, with the gudgeon Q of the frontcylinder, P, which is con nected by the passage S with the upper end ofthe said cylinder. Port M is connected by a pipe, OT, with the gudgeonQ, of the rear cylinder, which is connected by passage T with the lowerend of said cylinder. Port N is connected by a pipe, 19'', Figs. 7 and17, with the gudgeon Q of the front cylinder, which is connected by thepassage Twith the lower end of the said cylinder, and the port N isconnected by a pipe, P with the gudgeon Q of the rear cylinder, which isconnected by passage S with the upper end of the said cylinder. Thepipes O" and P, which connect with the upper ends of the respectivecylinders, are larger than the pipes O and I which connect with thebottoms of the said cylinders, as in the lower ends of the cylinderssufiicient pressure is required to lift the piston-rods and shoes only.The respective pipes are to be connected with the openings R in thegudgeons by means of expansion-joints QT", Fig. 11, of suitable construction, in order to prevent the possibility of breaking joints by thestrain upon the girders carrying the cylinders.

At the several joints packingboxes R are provided, taking over collars Supon the respective pipes near. the ends of the latter, the

object being to form safe and steam-ti ghtj oints.

der, to which the chain-wheel T may thus be.

secured in any desired position. The set-screw V is provided at itsouter end with an arm or crank, W, to which is pivoted a rod or handle,X'-, extending rearwardly to within con venient reach of the engineer,who, by manipulating the said rod, may loosen or tighten the set-screwwhenever occasion shall demand, as will be hereinafter set forth. Thechain-wheels T and T are connected by a chain, Y which The chain-wheelis crossed between the said wheels, as will be seen at Z so that thecylinders, which are in this manner connected, will swing or oscillatein opposite directions. At the point Z" a guide, A, is provided, havingfriction-rollers B at right angles to each other, which serve to guidethe opposite sides of the chain and preventthem from wearing against andbeing caught in each other when the engine is in operation.

The steam-pipe G is provided with a stop cock, C, which is normally opento permit the passage of live steam to the steam-chest. D is a pipewhich is connected with and takes steam from either the main steam-pipeF or one of the boilers direct. Pipe 1) is connected to one of thepassages, E", of the casing.

ing-cylinders. The valve G which is nor,- mall y closed, has a handle orlever, N to which is pivoted an operating-rod, extending to within reachof the engineer, and by means of which the valve may be operated.

Upon the valve G is fitted a cog-wheel, P, meshing with another cogwheel, Q", ofhalf the diameter, upon the stop-cock or valve C, to whichreference has bcenmade above.

4 It will be seen from the foregoing that by turning the valve G" aoneeighth ot' a turn a one-fourth turn is given to the valve or stopcockC, which is thereby closed, thus cutting off communication between theboilers and the steam-chest. 011 the other hand, communication is at thesame time established, through the valve G" and its connections, betweenthe live-steam supply and the lower ends of the operatingcylinders andbetween the upper ends of the cylinders and the exhaust, thus causingthe pistons, piston-rods, and shoes appertaining to both cylinders to besimultaneously raised to the fullest extent possible. This is necessarywhen it is desired to reverse the engine, as will be hereinafterdescribed, as it would otherwise be impossible for both of the cylindersto be reversed, inasmuch as the piston-rod and shoe of at least one of 7them would be in the way.

The normal position of the cylinders P P, when the engine is travelingin a forward direction, is, as will-be seen by reference to thedrawings, with their upper ends tilted or iiiclined forwardly. The pushorthrow of the shoes upon the piston-rods will then be in a rearwarddirection, thus forcing the engine in a forward direction. By theconnecting-chain the cylinders are forced to oscillate in oppositedirections, thus causing the pushing or operating parts of the twocylinders to operate alternately, as will be readily understood. lVhenit is desired to reverse the direction of travel, it istherefoi'enecessary to reverse the cylinders, so that their upper ends shall beinclined rearwardly instead of forwardly, or vice versa, as the case maybe. To effect this result easily and conveniently, I avail myself of thereversin mechanism which I shall now proceed more fully to describe withreference to the drawings. r

R is a suitably constructed and arranged longitudinal cylinder, which'may be mgunted upon brackets at the side of one of the boilers.

S" is the piston and T the piston-rod, which latter extends through thefront end or head of the cylinder, and is provided with a transverse pinor cross-head, U, which slides in slots V in suitable guides, XV, boltedor otherwise secured in position.

X is a connecting-rod or pitman, connecting the cross-head U with thefront cylinder, P, to the side of which it is pivoted, at Y, somedistance above its gudgeons.

Z is a four-way cock or valve, the casing of whichhas four passages. Oneof these, A, is is connected by a pipe, B, with the boiler from whichlive steam is thus taken. The opposite passage, 0, is connected byapipe, D, with the exhaust. The remaining two passages, E and F, areconnected by pipes G and H, with the front and rear ends of the cylinderR, re- 7 speetively. The valve Z is normally closed; but it may, by aone-eighth turn in either direction, be opened so as to connect eitherend of the cylinder with the live-steam supply, while the other end ofthe cylinder is, by the same operation, connected with the exhaust.

I is a pipe connecting the pipes G and H, and provided with acentrally-located stopcock or valve, J, which is normally open, butwhich may, by a one-fourtlrturn, be closed so as to cut offcommunication between the two ends of the cylinder. Light toothed wheelsK and L connect the valves Z and J, as shown, in the proportion of twoto one, so that when the valve Z is turned oneeighth of a revolution,which is sufficient for its operation, the valve J shall at the sametime be turned onefourth of a revolution, which is required to place .itin the desired position. The valve Z has a suitable lever or handle, M,to the upper end of which may be pivoted an operatingrod, N, terminatingwithin convenient reach of the engineer.

O P, Fig. 18, are a pair of longitudinal shafts or rods, journaled insuitable bearings beside each other, and provided at their rear endswith handles Q, convenient to the engineer. The shafts or rods 0 and Pterminate, respectively, in front and in rear of the front cylinder, P,of the engine, and they are pro vided witharms or stops R and S at rightangles to the said rods. These stops are normally in a verticalposition, so as not to interfere with ,the operation of the cylinder,the length of the stroke of which is determined by mechanism which willbe hereinafter described.

T T are strong metallic plates, suitably bolted in position, and havinglugs or ears U, forming bearings for the front ends of the rods orshafts, and provided with grooves or channels V to receive and hold thestops securely when lowered for operation, as will be ently described.

XV, Fig. 8, is a suitably-arranged transverse shaft, having'a crank, X,connected with the stem I of the main valve J'-. The rock-shaft W isalso provided with upwardly and downwardly projecting arms Y.Y, towhich. are pivoted rods Z, Z, as shown, The rods 'Z pass throughsuitablyarrangedsockets, A in C and D D, arranged substantially as shownin the drawings. lien the cylinders are in pres- The position to propelthe engine in a forward direction the studs CF engage the rods Z, andwhen the cylinders are reversed the studs D are thrown into action. Thestuds, when the latter.

engine is in motion, alternately strike the upper and lower rods, Z,thereby serving to operate the main valve. This valve-gear, it will beseen, is exceedingly simple, and it serves to operate the valve suddenlyand quickly, as is required.

The operation of my invention will be readily understood from theforegoing description,

taken in connection with the drawings hereto annexed. The mainsteam-pipe is provided with a valve to regulate the supply of steam tothe cylinders. \Vhen the valve is open steam passes into thesteam-chest, and from thence, through the ports and passages hereindescribed, to the top of one of the cylinders and to the bottom ottlieother. In one of the cylinders the piston is thus raised or lifted,while in the other it is forced downwardly, thus pressing the pivotedshoe at the lower end of the piston-rod against the road-bed. Thecylinder being already slightly inclined,this p ressure will not onlyforce the machine ahead, but at the same time further tilt the cylinderuntil the piston-rod has completed its throw. Let it be supposed that itis the front cylinder which has reached this position.- The rearcylinder will in the meantime, actuated by the chain by which the twocylinders are connected, have reached an approximately verticalposition, and its piston will have been raised to its utmost limits. Oneof the rods Z* will now be struck by one of the studs C upon the chainwheel T, thus reversing the main valve and causing the live steam topass into the bottom of the front cylinder and the top of the rearcylinder, thus throwing the latter into action while the piston in theformer is being raised or lifted. \V hen the front cylinder approaches aposition approximating the vertical, the other rod Z is struck by one ofthe studs 0', and the main valve is thus again reversed, causing thelive steam to pass again into the top of the front and into the bottomof the rear cylinder, as before.

, IVhen it is desired to reverse the direction of travel of the enginethe first thing to be done is to raise the pistons in both of thecylinders to their utmost limits, in order to lift the shoes off theground. This is done by simply operating the valves 0" and G in the manner described. The former of these cuts off the supply of live steam tothe mainvalve chest, while the latter opens a steam-supply to the lowerends of both the cylinders, while both their upper ends are at the sametime connected with the exhaust. The valves Z and J are next operated.During the operation of the engine the piston S, in the cylinder R, hashad a short reciprocating motion in the said cylinder, or, moreproperly, in one end of the latter, impelled by the throw of thecylinder with which its piston-rod is connected. The pipe I beingunobstructed, the steam or air contained in the cylinder R has by thisaction been churned from end to end of the By opening the valve Z thevalve J* is simultaneously closed, and live steam is ad mitted into theproper end of the cylinder At the time of operating valve Z, or justbefore, the set-screw V which connects the chainwheel T with the rearcylinder, 1 should be loosened. The piston S is moved by thepressure ofthe steam to the opposite end of the cylinder R, thus reversing theposition of the operating-cylindei's. The set-screw V is new again.tightened, the several valves C, G", Z", and J" are again reversed, andthe engine is then ready for work, as before, with the sole exceptionthat the studs D D have been thrown into action in place of the studs C"this being made necessary by the changed position of the front cylinder.

Hy improved traction-engine is simple in construction and easilymanipulated. It is direet acting, and is exceedingly powerful. It willbe found useful for all purposes for which traction-engines may be used,and especially for sleighing, hauling logs, and the like.

By making proper modifications in the con struction and arrangement ofdetails three or more operatingcylinders may be employed in lieu of onlytwo, as herein shown. It is prob able that by such arrangement a moreeven and steady motion maybe acquired. Iwould therefore have itunderstood that three or more operating-cylinders may be used wheneverit shall be found desirable without dcparting from the spirit of myinvention.

I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States 1. The combination, in a traction-engine, of,

the frame, two boilers arranged longitudinally upon the said frame atthe sides thereof, and

the operating-cylinders arranged between the said boilers, as and forthe purpose set forth.

2. In a tractionengine, the combination, with steam-generatingmechanism, of two or more oscillating cylinders, the piston-rods ofwhich are provided with pivoted sharp-point ed shoes adapted to beardirectly against the road-bed over which the machine is traveling,

against the direction of travel, substantially rods, flattened on oneside to prevent their turning in the cylinders, and welded at theirupper and lower ends to receive the pist0n= heads and the pivoted shoes,respectively, substantially as set forth. I

5. The combination of the frame, the boilers mounted longitudinaly uponthe same at the sides thereof, the longitudinal beams or girders, thecylinders having laterallyprojectmg gudgeons, by which they are mountedto oscillate upon the said girders, and means for supplying steamalternately to the upper and lower ends of the said cylinders throughopenings in the gudgeons and passages in the sides of the cylinders,substantially as set forth.

6. In a tractionengine, the combination, with the cylinders havinglaterally-projecting gudgeons by which they are journaled in position,substantially as shown, of chain-wheels arranged upon the gudgeons atone side of the cylinders, and connected by a crossed chain,substantially as set forth. a

7. The combination of the oscillating cylinders, the chain-wheelsarranged upon the gudgeons of the same, the crossed connectingchain, anda suitable guide arranged at the crossing of the chain to preventfriction of the sides of the latter against each other, substantially asset forth.

8. In a traction-engine, the combination of steam-generating mechanism,oscillating cylinders having piston-rods provided at their lower endswith pivoted sharp-pointed shoes adapted to bear andpush against theroad-.

bed over which the machine is traveling, means for supplying steamalternately to the upper and lower ends of alternate cylinders while theother ends of said cylinders are connected with the exhaust,chain-wheels mounted upon the gudgeons ofthe said cylinders, and acrossed chain connecting the said chain-wheels, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

9. In a traction-engine substantially as described, the two boilersarranged longitudina-lly upon the frame, and having their steamdomesconnected by a transverse pipe, from whence the main steam-pipe leads tothe valvechest, as set forth.

10. In a'traction-engine substantially as described, a pair ofmultitubular boilers ar ranged longitudinally upon the frame at thesides of the latter, and having their smokebo-xes connected by thebreeching of a single smok'estack or chimney, substantially as setforth.

11. The combination of the boilers arranged longitudinally upon a frameat the sides of the j latter, theoscillating cylinders arranged betweenthe said boilers, a transverse pipe connecting the steam-domes of theboilers, the mainvalve chest, pipes connecting the latter with thesteam-supply and with the exhaust,

two sets of ports arranged in front and in rear of the exhaust-port,pipes connecting the forward ports with the upper end of one cylinderand with the lower end of the other, pipes connectingthe rear ports withthe opposite ends of the respective cylinders, the reciproeatingslide-valve, and mechanism for operating the latter, substantially asdescribed.

12. The combination of the oscillating cylinders constructed withlaterally-projecting ing the same with the steamsupply and'with theexhaust, pipes connecting the upper and lower ends of alternatecylinders with the steam-supply, pipes connecting the lower and upperends of alternate cylinders with the exhaust, a stop-cock in the mainsteam-pipe, a

pipe connecting the main steam-supply with the exhaust, and a four-waycock located in the said pipe and having passages connected,respectively,with the pipes leading to the upper ends of the cylindersand those leading tothe lower ends, whereby, by turning the said cock,steam may be admitted simultaneously into the lower ends of bothcylinders while their upper ends are at the same time connected with theexhaust, as set forth.

transverse shaft arranged in front of the same and having a crankconnected with the valvestem by a pivoted rod, arms projecting upwardlyand downwardly from the said shaft, 0

rods pivoted to the said arms, guide-sockets for the said rods equippedwith tension-springs, the oscillating cylinders, the chain-wheels, andstuds projecting laterally from the front chain'- wheel, and arranged tobear against and actu- 5 ate the valve-operating rods, substantially asset forth;

14:. The combination, with the oscillating cylinders having chain-wheelsconnected by a crossed chain, and actuated by steam, sub- IOO stantiallyas described, of an independent cyl inder having an independent valvemechanisn and having its piston-rod comiected by a pivotedrod with oneof the cylinders, which may thereby be reversed when'required, sub- 10 5stantially as set forth.

15. The combination of the oscillating cylinders, the reversing-cylinderhaving its pistonrod connected by a pivoted rod with one of the saidcylinders, a chainwheel secured per- 1 10 and securing the chain-wheelto the cylinder 1 15 in any position required, mechanism convenient tothe engineer for manipulating the said set-screw, and a crossed chainconnecting the chain-wheel, substantially as set forth.

- 16. The combination of the rear oscillating I20 cylinder, thechain-wheel journaled upon the gudgeon of the latter and having asegmentalslot, a set-screw fitted in the said slot and connecting thechain-wheel adjustably to the cylinder, an arm or lever projectingupwardly from the end of the said set-screw, and a con necting oroperating rod pivoted to the said arm, substantially as set forth.

17. The combination of the oscillating cylinders, thereversing-cylinder, the piston-rod of which is connected by a pivotedrod with one 'of the cylinders, mechanism for admitting 5 13. Thecombination of the main valve, a

steam simultaneously into the lower ends of both the oscillatingcylinders while their upper ends are connected with the exhaust, and

the pivoted stops, one of which may be lowered in front or in rear ofone of the cylinders, as the case may be, so as to check it at theproper point before reversing, as set forth.

18. The rock-shafts provided with handles or levers at their rear ends,and having arms or stops at their front ends, substantially asdescribed, in combination with grooved or channeled plates adapted toreceive the said stops and hold them securely when in operation, as setforth.

19. The combination, with the grooved or channeled stop-plates havinglugs or ears, as herein described, of the rock-shafts having their frontends jonrnaled in the said lugs or ears, andprovided with stops adaptedto rest in the grooves of the channeled plates, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

20. The combination of the reversing-cylinder, a live-steam pipecoimected to both ends of the same, a pipe connecting the branches ofthe lix'e-steain pipe and provided with a stopcock, a four-way cockarranged in the live-steam pipe, and adapted to connect either end ofthe reversing-cylinder with the livesteam supply and the other end withthe exhaust, the piston, piston-rod, cross-head, guides, andconnecting-rod, and the oscillating cylinders, substantially as setforth.

21. The combination, with the four-way cock of the reversing-cylinder,of the stop-cock in the pipe connecting the branches of thelivesteam-supply pipe, and toothed wheels arranged upon the saidfour-way "alve and stop cock and meshing with each other, the saidtoothed wheels being so arranged and proportioned that .when one of thevalves is operated the other shall be correspondingly and properlyoperated at the same time, as and, for the purpose herein set forth.

22. The herein-described improved tractionengine, the same consisting,essentially, of the frame, two boilers arranged longitudinally at thesides of the same, the oscillating cylinders arranged between theboilers and having piston-rods equipped with pivoted shoes, mechanismfor supplying live steam alternately to the upper and lower ends ofalternate cylinders, and the reversing mechanism comprising means forraising the pistons simultaneously in both cylinders, and for reversingthem while the pistons are in this position, substantially as and forthe purpose herein shown and specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I have hereto aflixedmy signature in presence of two witnesses.

\VILBER ELCON RICHARDSON. Vitnesses:

Amos HOLGATE, GEORGE CLARK.

